What is the structure of the camera module? What does each part do?

What is the structure of the camera module? What does each part do?Camera module, English name Camera Compact Module, referred to as CCM, is an important electronic device for image acquisition. Simply put, it's a device that converts an object's light signal into a digital signal that can be read and stored. It is mainly composed of lens, image sensor, VCM motor/base, IR filter, circuit board and other components.

A lens is a device that funnels light into an image sensor, and modern lenses are usually groups of multiple lenses. Lenses are divided into glass (GLASS) and plastic (PLASTIC) according to the material. For example, a 5P lens represents a lens composed of 5 plastic lenses, and 1G+5P represents a glass-plastic hybrid lens composed of a glass lens and 5 plastic lenses.

Image sensor, commonly known as Sensor, is the core component of the camera module. There are mainly two types of CMOS image sensors and CCD image sensors. There are hundreds or tens of millions of photodiodes on the surface. The optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, the quality of which directly affects the performance of the CCM.

VCM, the voice coil motor in electronics, is a type of motor. The main principle is to use a permanent magnetic field to control the position of the shrapnel or mover by changing the size of the coil current in the motor, and drive the lens to move, so as to realize the lens. of autofocus.

The function of the IR filter is to filter out ultraviolet and infrared light that cannot be observed by the human eye, reflect unwanted light, remove impurities to prevent the effect of color cast, and reduce stray light. critical use

The substrate of the camera module consists of a printed circuit board (PCB) or flexible circuit board (FPC/FPCB), which is responsible for connecting the optical components of the camera to the main processor.